The system of monitoring the environmental impact on population health is an open and comprehensive system. The system deals with the continual collection, processing and evaluation of data concerned with the load on, and damage to human health in relation to environmental pollution. The Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic is responsible for the organization and operation of the monitoring system; the main office is located at the National Institute of Public Health in Prague. Selected National Public Health Centres cooperate at individual subsystems. The monitoring system is realized in six special subsystems: 1. Health consequences and risks related to air pollution, 2. Health consequences and risks related to drinking water pollution, 3. Health consequences and harmful effects of noise, 4. Health consequences and risks of human dietary exposure to chemical substances, 5. Health consequences of human exposure to contaminants in the environment, 6. Selected markers of demographic and health statistics. The first data were obtained in 1993, the results for 1994 will be summarized in the second half of the year 1995.