One of the more popular examples of a medicinal plant is the use of the chamomile flowers (Chamomillae anthodium) to treat respiratory infections such as a cold or mild flu. Today this drug is officially registered in the Ukraine and European Pharmacopoeia. The aim of the study was the analysis of differences among chamomile plant populations growing naturally in different sites in all parts of Ukraine. The quantities of essential oils in the present study were measured from 0.20 ± 0.05 % in Cherson to 0.85 ± 0.10 % in Chernihiv. The yield of volatile oil was depending on geography, altitude, and other factors, including stress influence on site (20) of plant population growth. Essential oil extracted chamomile inflorescences was recorded to have from 52 to 72 chemical components. It was found that /-/-α-bisabololoxides B and A was the major constituents in 16 samples collected from individual Ukraine sites and only 4 had dominant /-/-α-bisabolol (the most 55.17 % on site Katerinopols). The uniquely determined chemical type of chamomile wild populations in Ukraine is chemical type B (/-/-α-bisabololoxide A > /-/-α-bisabolol > /-/-α-bisabololoxide B) by a large majority. The most important result of our study is the creation of the new map of the plant population distribution in order to the chamomile species in Ukraine with their chemotype determination.