The article deals with the diffrentiation, origin, function and signifiance of so called small historical landscape elements for the value of the cultural landscape. In the fist part of the article is shown their specifiity within individual European cultures and the changes in the rural landscape in 1945 documented on the loss of detail and human scale of the landscape. The focus of the article consists in the dividing of small landscape elements according to their origin, is mentioned their current status and recovery options. Gradually, are described : fild structure and their boundaries (bulks, border stones), the old roads, bridges and alleys, small religious buildings, monuments and memorials small, small romantic buildings as a part of composed landscape in the vicinity of aristocratic mansions, observation and hunting towers , archaeological monuments , wells , fences , cellars , barns , historical technical structures (mills , sawmills , hammer mills, lime kilns, bunkers, triangles ), and recent and current structures (constructions of socialist agricultural cooperative farms, mobile operators towers, wind farms, etc ). The article also points to the need of good examples of local initiatives and activities to improve their environment, because only thanks to them become small landscape elements alive and really well maintained.