Quercus liaotungensis is dominant tree species in warm temperate zone of China. Sexual reproduction may be critical for Quercus liaotungensis population to colonize and regenerate, so acorns in soil seed bank and seed rain were investigated in five broad-leaved deciduous forests (Quercus liaotungensis forest, Betula dahurica forest, Belula platyphylla forest, Quercus liaotungensis coppice, immature Quercus liaontugensis forest) of Dongling Mountain Region. The different layer soil samples were collected to estimate the seed density of soil seed bank and to investigate spatial distribution of seed in soil. In addition, in order to compare the density between seed rain and seed on the surface of soil, forty-seven seed traps were randomly set up in Quercus liaotungensis forest, and quadrat adjacent to each trap were set up. The seed density of seed rain and seed on soil surface was estimated through the seed fallen in the traps and on soil surface respectively. The results are as follows: the viable acorn densities are very low in soil seed bank of all the forest sites except in the Quercus liaotungensis forest site. The average depth of acorns distribution in soil ranges from 2.25 cm to 6.50 cm. Not including Quercus liaotungensis forest site, the viable acorns in other four forest sites all deposited in litter layer and 0-3 cm soil layer. The viable acorns produced before current year were not found in soil seed bank. Quercus liaotungensis generally form transient bank. The viable seed density of seed rain is significantly higher than that of viable acorns on the soil surface, indicating that animals remove and cache, acorns from the soil surface where acorns originally reach.