Preferring pesticides in plant protection the number of diseases of cultivated plants has become doubled since the year 1960. This fact together with the rise of resistent tribes of phytophagous arthropoda and phytopathogeneous organisms have led to the increase of pesticide consumption and their negative impacts on the environment. The developing multi-component plant protection is an answer to this situation. It is based on the rational connection of the methods of non-chemical protection with aimed application of pesticides used for the correction of the occurence of diseases and pests. Thus, the strategy aims at the protection of plants and not at the eradication of the harmful organisms. In this contribution the mentioned negative impacts of pesticides and the strategy of multi-component plant protection are elaborated on concrete examples.