The most important phenomena of the transport in the Czech Republic, at the time of its transition from centrally planned to market economy, are the following: - the participation in the European transportation system; - the privatization of transport services; - the social compensations for the former dotation system in transport services; - the rationalization of intermodal relations in traffic, the creation of integrated transport systems; - the solution of environmental problems in traffic. Compared to 1989, in 1994 the freight transport volumes dropped by 50 % in railway and road transport. The main framework for the government’s efforts, concerning the development of road transport infrastructure, is given in the 1993 edict. According to government strategy for the improvement of the railway transport system, four priority directions were selected. The transport system coordination (road vs. railway transport) is regarded to be inefficient.