The regionalization of the Slovak Republic according to the OECD criteria is presented. According to the OECD typology the country can be divided into three regions: 1. rural regions – formed by 33 districts and inhabited by 36.2 % of the population, 2. semi-rural regions – represented by 37 districts with 50.9 % of the population, 3. urban regions – formed by 9 districts of Košice and Bratislava with 12.9 % of the population. The analysis of selected indicators confirmed that with the increase of urbanization decreases the share of non-productive population and increases the share of productive of one. The lowest share of productive population is in rural regions, employment in agriculture concentrates to the smallest rural settlements, and the rate of unemployment – including the long-term one – cumulates to the rural regions. The highest inter-regional attendance to work concentrates to the urban regions. Retail trade moves to purchasing power, therefore also commercial services concentrate to urban areas. The metropolis urbanism and process of sub-urbanism will meet certain threshold barriers. Free development potential and certain comparative advantages of small, medium and less developed regions will lure free capital. It will support strategies and transformation especially in connection with gradual integration of the Slovak Republic to the European economic structures.